Ikhosi yekhosi yindawo yokuphila yegalufa. Impumelelo okanye ukusilela kwekhosi Ulawulo lwe-lawnIchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza kwesiqhelo sekhosi kunye nezibonelelo zoqoqosho zomsebenzi wayo. Inzululwazi kunye nokulawulwa kwenkundla elungileyo ayinakutsala umdla wabadlali abaninzi kwaye kuzisa izibonelelo ezilungileyo zoqoqosho kwibala lemidlalo, kodwa nenze igama elihle kwibala lemidlalo kwaye kwandise ukuthandwa kwenkundla. Olu luhlaza lutyikityo lwendawo yegalufa. Ukujonga kunye nokusetyenziswa kweGreen kuchaphazela ngqo imvakalelo nganye yegalufa kunye novavanyo lwegalufa. Ke ngoko, phantse onke amaGelphu enokutyalwa nge-Acntgrass akhethwe ukuba ajongile kwaye ajonge. I-reedgras engcono. Xa ukhetha i-curegrass ehambayo, ukhetha imiceli mngeni kulondolozo nakulawulo. Oku kulandelayo ngamanye amava omsebenzi wombhali kwi-Standaim isifo kunye nolawulo kule minyaka idlulileyo.
一. Ibacteria ephambili ye-pathogenic
Izifo zeStadium zeStadium zibangelwa ikakhulu yifungi. Njengohlobo lwe-microorganism, ifungi idityaniswe nge-hyphae ye-mycelium. Ifungi isinda ngokufumana izondlo kwi-mycelium. I-Spores yindlela yefungi. Amabala asasazeka kwisityalo ngomoya, imvula kunye nezinye izinto zosasazo. Xa iimeko zichanekile, amabala athabathayo kunye ne-fungi. I-Spores yeyona ndlela iphambili yokusasazeka kwesifo. Eyona monakaselo iphambili ebangelwa sisikhunta kukuba ifungi ifunxa izondlo ezivela kwizityalo, izicubu zezityalo, kwaye ibangela ukufa kwezityalo. Ifungi inokwahlulwa ibe yi-Saprophytic Fungi kunye neFrusitic Fungi. I-Saprophytic Fund iFunda kwi-organic efileyo, ngelixa i-fungsic fungu ye-fungis kwizinto eziphilayo kunye nenqanaba kwizityalo eziphilayo.
Ifungi ayinazicubu zokuqhuba amanzi kwaye inokuphiliswa kuphela kumswakama wangaphandle wokuvelisa kwakhona. Ke ngoko, i-fungi iphantse yasebenza kwiimeko ezomileyo zemozulu, yiyo le nto izifo zokuthambisa zivela kakhulu kwiimeko zemozulu eziphakamileyo.
Ezona zifo ziphambili ze-golf khotf: indawo emdaka, i-Pythium, i-pin, indawo ye-coin, indawo yehlobo, i-fillic fitpot, i-fash.
二. Izinto eziphambili ezibangela isifo
Izinto ezibangela izifo kwi-turf ye-golff iquka ikakhulu iqondo lobushushu, i-suidity, isichumisi, i-spinkler yokunkcenkceshela, njl njl.
I-1.climozulu nezendalo
Imozulu yemozulu yeyona nto iphambili ebangela izifo, phakathi kweqondo lobushushu kunye nokufuma zizinto eziphambili zokulawula. Nasiphi na isifo ifuna ubushushu, umonakalo kunye neemeko zokukhanya zilungele ukukhula kwayo nokuzala. Xa iimeko ezifanelekileyo zenzeka, iintsholongwane zisebenza kakhulu kwaye zinokukhula kwaye ziphinde zivelise ngokukhawuleza, ngaloo ndlela zenzakalisa ingca. Phakathi kwawo, ukuthobeka kwemozulu enomngcipheko yeyona meko ifanelekileyo yokuphembelela izifo zokonga; Iqondo lobushushu yimeko yesibini ebalulekileyo yokuphembelela izifo.
Ukongeza kubushushu kunye nokufuma, ishayini ikwayinto ebalulekileyo ekupheliseni izifo ze-lawn. Isibane sexesha elide esisezantsi silungele umsebenzi weentsholongwane. Iimeko zexesha elide kunye ne misitho yokufuma, iya kwenza i-lawn yezityalo i-lawn kunye nejusi, ibenza bapheliswe zii-pathogens.
2. Ulawulo lolondolozoizinto
Ukuphunyezwa okungafanelekanga kwalo naliphi na inqanaba lolawulo liya kukhokelela kwisifo. Izinto zolawulo ezifaka ikakhulu izifo ezobuqilima zibandakanya: Ukuchumisa, ukunkcenkceshela, ukunkcenkceshela amanzi okunkcenkceshela, njl. Njl.
Ukuthenwa kakhulu kwaye kuninzi kakhulu kunokubangela izifo. Ngalo lonke ixesha nithembisa, iintloko zamagqabi amagqabi ziya kwenzakala, kwaye amagqabi amagqabi awenzakeleyo abonelela ngamathuba e-pathowens ukuba ahlasele; Izixa ezincinci zokunkcenkceshela i-sprinkler ziya kugcina i-lawn zihlala zinomswakama, zidala imeko yendawo ye-lawn ukuya kukhula. Ubumdaka obugqithisileyo baqinisekisa umsebenzi weentsholongwane kwaye babangela ngokulula izifo; Uninzi lwezifo zengca zihambelana nokusetyenziswa okugqithisileyo kwe-nitrogen yesichumisi. Ukufaka isicelo esikhulu se-nitrogen se-nitrogen kwenza i-lawn ityeke kwaye ixesha elide, kwaye izityalo zinethambeka kwaye zinencam, elungele usulelo lweSifo; Ubungqingqwa obugqithisileyo bomhlaba we-lawn kunye nokungacoceki okuhlwempuzekileyo kukonyusa ukubakho kwesifo senzekileyo; Ukuntywila okungalunganga kwe-lawn yomhlaba kungabi kukonyusa ukufuma komhlaba kwaye kukhuthaza ukusebenza kwezifo, kodwa kuchaphazela ukukhula kwengcambu kunye nenkqubo yengcambu ye-lawn.
Ubunzulu bolawulo lwe-lawn kunye nenqanaba lolawulo olufunwa yi-lawn lihambelana nesi sifo. Ngokubanzi, ubukhali besi sifo buhlelelekile ngokuqina kolawulo olutyalwe kwi-lawn. Owona mkhulu wolawulo, amathuba amakhulu esifo. Eyona ndawo inesifo esekwe kwikhosi luhlaza, kwaye imifuno enamanzi ayinamanzi anezifo ezininzi; Okwesibini yi-tee, kuba amandla olawulo ebekwe kwi-tee ngowesibini kuphela kuluhlaza; Elesithathu yingca yendlela elungileyo, indlela yobume bendlela yolawulo kwithuba legalufa ingaphantsi kweyona bhokisi ye-tee, kodwa iphakamileyo kunendawo ephakamileyo yengca; Indawo ephezulu yengca yindawo enesifo inesifo esimbalwa ekhosini, kuba inani lamaxesha okuthengwa, isichumisi, ukunkcenkceshela okuphezulu, njl njl. Kungabonwa ukuba ulawulo lwe-inile kunye nezifo ezibonakala ngathi ziyaphikisana. Nangona kunjalo, umsebenzi wethu ungqina ukuba ngolawulo olufanelekileyo kunye nothintelo lwenzululwazi kunye namanyathelo olawulo, oku kuphikisana kunokusonjululwa.
三. Uthintelo lwenzululwazi kunye namanyathelo oLawulo
Uthintelo lwesifo se-Stadium kunye nolawulo lubhekisele kwindlela esebenzayo yokuthintela okanye ukusebenzisa iiarhente ezikhuselekileyo nezendalo ukulawula ukuphuculwa kwezifo kwaye kubuyisela ukukhula kwemithetho apho izifo zivele kuqala. Izifo ze-turintoss zinzulu kwaye zixhaphake kakhulu kwiikhosi zegalufa kwilizwe lam, kwaye phantse zonke izikhuselo zezolimo zisetyenziswa kulondolozo kunye nolawulo. Nangona izifundo zegalufa zizinto ezingenamveliso kunye nemveliso ephezulu yokuphuma, xa kuthelekiswa nokulungiswa kwe-lawn, phantse zonke iikhosi zegalufa azityali mali ngokwaneleyo. Kulawulo lweGalufa ye-Golf, uninzi lweekhosi zegalufa zilindile de kwenzeka izifo ze-lawn ezinzulu ngaphambi konyango. Nangona kunjalo, kuba kunzima ukuthenga iimveliso eziphuhliswe ngokukodwa kwimarike ye-golf, umphathi we-turf wazama zonke iindlela kwaye wachitha ixesha elininzi kunye namandla okukhetha iimveliso ezinamayeza awodwa kwizinambuzane zemveli. Isiphumo sasiyisiqingatha sesiphumo kabini. I-gollth sth turf inayo eyayo yendalo esingqongileyo yendalo kunye nokubekwa kwendalo. Ukudityaniswa kunye neempawu zokukhusela kwemveliso, kunzima ukuba nefuthe elibalulekileyo lonyango kwi-turf enesifo. Ke ngoko, uthintelo kunye nonyango lwezifo zegalufa zeGulf kufuneka zisebenzise iimveliso ezizodwa ezijolise kuzo. Kuphela ngale ndlela kuphela apho imveliso inokuthi ifezekise iziphumo ezingcono, kwaye imveliso inokuqinisekisa ukuba inokujongana nangokuhlala kuguqulela amantshontsho esifo.
Amanqaku aphambili okuthintela kunye namanyathelo olawulo:
1. Ukuthintela kuqala kwaye unyango yinto ephambili eyongezelelweyo.
Kuthetha ukuba kulondolozwe imihla ngemihla, amanyathelo ahlukeneyo olawulo kufuneka aphunyezwe ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye ixesha kunye nendlela yokuphumeza komlinganiso ngamnye kufuneka igcinwe ngokuchanekileyo, ukuze igcinwe i-lawn kwilizwe elinempilo kwaye inciphise ukubakho izifo. Okwesibini, thintela izifo ngokusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla kwezinye iimveliso zolawulo lwendalo. Musa ukulinda de isifo senzeke ngaphambi kokuba sisebenzise amanyathelo okulungisa ukukhusela nokulawula amayeza okubulala izitshabalalisi.
2. Emva kokuthenwa, ukutshiza okuthintelayo kufuneka kusetyenziselwe ukukhusela nokunyanga usulelo lwe-bacteral.
I-3. Ukuchuma kwesayensi kunye nokutya okufanelekileyo.
I-4. Inzululwazi kwaye ithengisa ngokuchanekileyo.
5. Ukufunyanwa kwangoko, ukuxilongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kwangoko.
I-6. Sebenzisa iimveliso zegalufa zeGalufa
IXESHA LOKUQALA: Jun-25 ukuya kwi-2024