Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ulwazi lwesizwe ngokhuseleko lokusingqongileyo luye lwanda ngokuqhubekayo. Ingca, njengenxalenye enemibala ephantsi yohlaza lwendalo ngokubanzi, iye yaqatshelwa ngokubanzi ngomsebenzi wayo obalulekileyo wohlaza lwendalo kunye nobuhle bayo. Inani leentlobo zengca yengca eziveliswayo liphindwe kabini, kwaye iindawo eziluhlaza ziyavela emehlweni abantu. Okwangoku, ishishini lengca lingene kwixesha lophuhliso olukhulu.
Ukukhetha uhlobo oluchanekileyo sisiqingatha sempumeleloindawo yokubeka ingcaUkukhetha kufuneka kulandele le migaqo mibini ilandelayo:
Imigaqo yokulungelelanisa imozulu kunye nokusingqongileyo
Umgaqo wokuguquguquka kwemozulu kunye nokusingqongileyo yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekukhetheni iintlobo zengca yotshani. Ngokwendlela izityalo ezisabela ngayo kwiimeko zemozulu kunye nendawo ezihlala kuyo, ingca ingahlulwahlulwa ibe ngamacandelo amabini: ixesha elipholileyo kunye nexesha elifudumeleyo.
Ubushushu obufanelekileyo bokukhula kwengca ngexesha lokupholisa yi-15℃-25℃. Ukukhula kwayo kuthintelwa kakhulu kukuxinezeleka kobushushu obuphezulu, ixesha lobushushu obugqithisileyo kunye nemeko yembalela. Ingca ngexesha lokupholisa zilungele kakhulu ukutyalwa kwiindawo ezinkulu ezisemantla koMlambo iYangtze kuMantla-ntshona welizwe lam, kuMantla-ntshona weTshayina, kuMantla weTshayina, kuMantla weTshayina, kuMantla weTshayina, nakuMbindi weTshayina. Iimpawu zayo eziphambili lixesha elide eliluhlaza, umbala oluhlaza onzulu, kwaye zifuna ulawulo olucokisekileyo. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi onokukhetha kuzo, kuquka amakhulu eentlobo ezingaphezu kwama-40 ezivela kwizizukulwana ezingaphezu kweshumi elinesibini, kuquka iPoa, iFestuca, iLolium, iBentgrass, iBrome kunye neAlkali.
Ubushushu bokukhula obufanelekileyo kwi-turfgrass yexesha elifudumeleyo yi-25°C-35°C, kwaye ukukhula kwayo kunqunyelwe kakhulu ngamaqondo obushushu aphantsi kakhulu kunye nobude bexesha. Ifanelekile ukutyalwa kwiindawo ezishushu, kwiindawo ezishushu, nakwiindawo ezishushu eziphakathi zelizwe lam. Iimpawu zayo eziphambili kukumelana nobushushu obuqinileyo, ukumelana kakuhle nezifo, kunye nokumelana nolawulo olubanzi. Uninzi lweentlobo lunexesha elifutshane eliluhlaza, umbala oluhlaza okhanyayo, kwaye zimbalwa iintlobo onokukhetha kuzo. , kubandakanya phantse ikhulu leentlobo ezingaphezu kwama-20 kwiintlobo ezingaphezu kweshumi elinesibini, kubandakanya iBermudagrass, iZoysia, iTeff, kunye neBisongrass.
Ngenxa yophuhliso oluqhubekayo lweshishini lengca kwilizwe lam, amandla esayensi netekhnoloji atyalwe kulo aye anda kancinci kancinci. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iiploti zovavanyo zophando malunga nokuguquguquka kweentlobo zengca ziye zasekwa kulo lonke ilizwe, nto leyo enika isiqinisekiso esithembekileyo sokukhethwa kweentlobo zengca efanelekileyo.
Amaziko ophando lwezenzululwazi afanelekileyo kunye namashishini amakhulu kwilizwe lam aqalise ngokulandelelana amakhulu eentlobo zengca ezivela kwamanye amazwe, kwaye enze uhlolo lwamanqanaba amaninzi kunye neendlela ezininzi zokujonga ukuba iintlobo zengca ziyakwazi na ukuguquguquka. Umgaqo wokuguquguquka kwemozulu kunye nokusingqongileyo kweentlobo zengca ye-turf uye wamkelwe ngokubanzi.
Umgaqo weenzuzo ezihambelanayo kunye nokuhambelana kwendawo
Ingca isebenza njengemvelaphi yokulima umhlaba, kwaye ukufana kwendawo yayo kuye kwafumana ingqwalasela engakumbi. Ekukhetheni iintlobo zengca yotshani, ukulandela umgaqo wokuhambelana kwendawo yeyona meko ibalulekileyo yokufezekisa ingca entle. Ukuze konyuswe ukumelana kwengca yotshani kuxinzelelo lwendalo, abaphandi bacebise indlela yokutyala okuxutyiweyo. Inzuzo ephambili yokutyala okuxutyiweyo kukuba inani labantu abaxutyiweyo linemvelaphi ebanzi yemfuza kunenani labantu elinye, kwaye ngenxa yoko linokuguquguquka ngakumbi kwiimeko zangaphandle. Iinxalenye ezahlukeneyo zokutyala okuxutyiweyo zinomahluko kulwakhiwo lwemfuza, imikhwa yokukhula, iimfuno zokukhanya, isichumiso namanzi, ukuguquguquka komhlaba, kunye nokumelana nezifo kunye nezinambuzane. Inani labantu abaxutyiweyo linokukwazi ukumelana nokusingqongileyo ngakumbi kunye nokusebenza ngcono, kwaye linokufezekisa iingenelo ezongezelelweyo. . Ubungakanani bezinto ezikumxube wokutyala bulawulwa ngumgaqo wokuhambelana kwendawo.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokuhlwayela izityalo ezixutyiweyo: enye kukuxuba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ngaphakathi kohlobo oluthile. Umzekelo, emantla elizwe lam, ingca zokuhombisa okanye ii-turf rolls zisetyenziswa kakhulu ukuxuba iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-bluegrass. Ezi zinto zihlala ziyintlobo ezi-3-4, kwaye umxube phakathi kweentlobo uhlala usetyenziswa. Umlinganiselo uyatshintsha ngokweempawu zeentlobo; kwelinye icala, ngumxube weentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-turfgrass phakathi kweentlobo, njengomxube we-tall fescue + bluegrass esetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo zemidlalo. Umlinganiselo uyahluka ngokwenqanaba lolawulo. Yahlukile, kodwa umgaqo wokuhambelana kwendawo kufuneka uhlangatyezwe kuqala. Kule nxalenye ixutyiweyo, ngenxa yokwakheka kwamagqabi arhabaxa kweempawu zokuqhekeka kwe-tell fescue, i-tall fescue kufuneka ibe yinxalenye ephambili yokuhlwayela izityalo ezixutyiweyo, kwaye umlinganiselo wayo ngokubanzi yi-85 %-90%, ingca ephumayo inokufezekisa isiphumo esifanayo nesendawo.
I-ryegrass ehlala isetyenziswa rhoqo kwiindawo zokuhlwayela ezixutyiweyo ukuze isebenze njengesityalo esiphambili. Ihluma ngokukhawuleza, ikhule izithole ngokukhawuleza, ingagubungela umhlaba ngokukhawuleza, yenze umthunzi ongephi, idale indawo efanelekileyo yokuba imbewu ye-bluegrass ihlume, kwaye inokuthintela ukukhula kokhula ukuya kwinqanaba elithile. Ukongeza, i-ryegrass ehlala isetyenziswa nakwixesha lasebusika lokujonga i-turfgrass yexesha elifudumeleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokuba i-ryegrass eninzi kakhulu iya kusongela ukusinda nokukhula kwezinye iindawo kumxube, umlinganiselo we-ryegrass ehlala ihleli akufuneki udlule kwi-50%.
Ukutyala ingca entle yiprojekthi eyinkimbinkimbi necwangcisiweyo. Ukongeza ekukhetheni iintlobo zesayensi, kufuneka ukhethe ixesha elifanelekileyo lokutyala, indlela efanelekileyo yokunyanga ibhedi, kwaye usebenzise ngokungqongqoukugcinwa kwengcakunye neendlela zolawulo ukuze kufunyanwe ingca entle.
Ixesha leposi: Juni-26-2024