1. Ukuthena
(1) Coca imifuno ukuze kungabonakali izinto ezingaqhelekanga emva kokuthenwa ngakunye. Amasebe, amatye, amaqokobhe eziqhamo, izinto zesinyithi kunye nezinye izinto eziqinileyo kufuneka zisuswe, kungenjalo ziya kufakwa kwingca eluhlaza kwaye zonakalise iincakuba. Iimpawu zokubethwa kwebhola kufuneka zilungiswe. Ukulungiswa okungafanelekanga kweempawu zokubethwa kwebhola kuya kubangela ukuqhekeka okuninzi ngexesha lokuthenwa.
(2) I-Adopt ezinikeleyoumshini wokugunda uhlazakufuneka isetyenziswe. Ubuninzi bokucheba buqhele ukuba kube kanye ngemini, kusasa. Ukunciphisa inani lamaxesha okucheba kuya kukhokelela ekunciphiseni uxinano lwengca kunye namagqabi abanzi. Nangona kunjalo, xa kutsalwa, kuhlakulwa okanye kutyunyuzwa, ukucheba kungamiswa ubuncinane usuku olunye. Ukuphakama okufanelekileyo kokucheba kwengca eluhlaza yi-4.8 ukuya kwi-6.4 cm, kunye nobubanzi obuyi-3 ukuya kwi-7.6 cm. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphakathi kobubanzi obunokunyanyekelwa yingca, ukuphakama kokucheba kuphantsi, kokukhona kungcono.
(3) Indlela yokucheba Icala lokucheba lidla ngokutshintshwa ngalo lonke ixesha. Umgaqo wokutshintsha icala lelinye lamacala amane okunciphisa imveliso yamahlumela e-tillering ahambelanayo. Le ndlela ingayilwa njengecala le-wotshi, njenge-12 o'clock ukuya kwi-6 o'clock, 3 o'clock ukuya kwi-9 o'clock, 4:30 ukuya kwi-10:30, kwaye ekugqibeleni i-1:30 ukuya kwi-7:30. Emva kokujikeleza ngala macala mane, umjikelo uyaphindwa, nto leyo ephumela kwipateni ye-strip ecacileyo efana negrid.
(4) Ukususwa kweziqwenga. Ingca iqokelelwa kwibhokisi yengca emva kokuba inqunyulwe ize isuswe kwindawo eluhlaza. Ngaphandle koko, iziqwenga zengca zingenza ingca engaphantsi ingaphefumli kakuhle kwaye zibangele izinambuzane nezifo.
(5) Ulawulo lwamahlumela okulima angena kwicala elinye engceni. Izixhobo ezifana namahlumela okulima aluhlaza angasetyenziselwa ukulungisa okanye ukuthintela ukwakheka kwamahlumela okulima angena kwicala elinye. Xa ingca ikhula ngamandla, ukucheba kancinci ingca eluhlaza rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezili-10 kunokulungisa ingxaki yamahlumela okulima angena kwicala elinye. I-grass comb okanye i-vertical mower kufuneka ilungiswe kumphezulu wengca.
(6) Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngexesha lokuthena: Abasebenzi kufuneka banxibe izihlangu ezithe tyaba ukuze bangonakalisi uhlaza olubangelwa ziintende ezinezikhonkwane; Xa uthena, lumka uthintele ipetroli, ioyile yenjini okanye idizili ukuba ingavuzi ize iwele engceni ukuze kuvele amabala amancinci afileyo; Nika ingqalelo kwimikrwelo yengca, edla ngokubangelwa yingca engaqinanga ngokwaneleyo okanye ingca etyebileyo kwaye ingagudi ngokwaneleyo. Emva kwemvula, ingca iya kuvuvuka emva kokuyifunxa, nto leyo enokwenza ingca ithambe ngokulula. Kufuneka ilungiswe ibe yi-1.6 cm ukuphakama kwaye uyithene rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa okanye kwiintsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-2.
2. Ukuchumisa
(1) Ixesha lokuchumisa: Ngokwesiqhelo, izichumisi ezixabisa ngokupheleleyo ezine-nitrogen, i-phosphorus kunye ne-potassium zifakwa entwasahlobo okanye ekwindla. Kwixesha eliseleyo lokukhula, izichumisi ze-nitrogen kufuneka zongezwe rhoqo.
(2) Indlela yokuchumisa: Kungcono ukufaka izichumisi ezomileyo nge-centrifugal spreader uze ekugqibeleni uzifake kwicala elithe nkqo. Ingakumbi izichumisi ezinyibilikayo emanzini, zihlala zifakwa xa amagqabi omile, kwaye unkcenkceshele kwangoko emva kokufaka ukuze ungatshisi amagqabi. Ukuthintela ukuba ingca ingatshi ngenxa yesichumisi, kufuneka uqaphele oku kulandelayo: ungafaki isichumisi emva kokuba ingca isandul’ ukunqunyulwa; ungasinqumli ingca ngomhla wokuchumisa; ungafaki isixhobo sokuqokelela ingca xa usika; gqobhoza uhlaza ngaphambi kokuchumisa. Isichumisi se-nitrogen esaneleyo kufuneka sifakwe ukugcina uxinano lwe-basal bud yengca yengca, amandla aneleyo okubuyisela, izinga lokukhula kwe-basal bud kunye nokugcina umbala oqhelekileyo. Ngokubanzi, kufakwa i-1-2.5g/m2 ye-nitrogen rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezili-10-15. Isichumisi se-potassium: Ekubeni ibhedi yengca eluhlaza inesanti, isichumisi se-potassium kulula ukusivuza, esingenakunceda ukugcina ukumelana nobushushu, ukumelana nokubanda, ukumelana nembalela kunye nokumelana nokunyathelwa kwengca kunye nokukhuthaza ukukhula kweengcambu. Okokugqibela, misela isicwangciso sokufaka isichumisi se-potassium ngokusekelwe kwiziphumo zohlalutyo lomhlaba. Ngokubanzi, imfuno yesichumiso se-potassium yi-50% ukuya kwi-70% ye-nitrogen, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha isichumiso se-potassium esingaphezulu singcono. Kubushushu obuphezulu, imbalela kunye nexesha elide lokunyathela, sebenzisa isichumiso se-potassium rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezingama-20-30. Isichumiso se-phosphorus; imfuno yesichumiso se-phosphorus incinci, kwaye kufuneka yenziwe ngokweziphumo zohlalutyo lomhlaba, ngokubanzi entwasahlobo nasekupheleni kwehlobo nasekuqaleni kwekwindla.
3. Ukunkcenkceshela
Ukunkcenkceshela yenye yezona zinto zibalulekileyoamanyathelo okugcinakwingca eluhlaza. Kufuneka imiselwe ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno ezithile zoluhlaza ngalunye kunye nezinto eziluchaphazelayo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Disemba-05-2024