Ukuchongwa nokugcinwa kwengca ityheli

Emva kwexesha elide lokutyala, ezinye iingca ziya kuba luhlaza ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kwaye zibe tyheli. Ezinye iigadi zisenokubola zize zife, nto leyo echaphazela isiphumo sokuhombisa. Indlela yokuchonga Ukusasazwa kokutyheli ngokwendalo kwintsimi ngokubanzi
Emva kwexesha elide lokutyala, ezinye iingca ziya kuba luhlaza ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo kwaye zibe tyheli. Ezinye iigadi zisenokubola zize zife, nto leyo echaphazela impembelelo yokuhombisa.

Indlela yokuchonga
Ukutyheli kwesikhumba kudla ngokusasazeka kwiindawo ezikwintsimi, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha kwenzeka kwindawo ethile. Ukutyheli kwesikhumba akusuleli kwaye kunokuchongwa ngovavanyo lokugonya. Akukho zifo zibonakalayo kwiindawo ezityheli, kwaye umbala uyafana.
Izizathu kunye nokuthintela

Ukunqongophala kwezondlo
Ngexesha lokukhula okuphezulu kabini kwengca ngexesha lokubanda entwasahlobo nasekwindla, ngenxa yemozulu eyomileyo emantla, imvula encinci, kunye nokuphuma komoya obuthathaka emhlabeni, ii-ion zesiseko zigcinwa lula emhlabeni ngobuninzi, kwaye ii-alkali metal carbonates ezinyibilikayo nazo zikhona emhlabeni, kwaye izichumisi zihlala zingekho. Isizathu sokuba ingca ibe tyheli, ingakumbi ukuba tyheli okubangelwa kukungabikho kwesinyithi, sifanele siqwalaselwe. Iindlela zokuthintela nokulawula zezi zilandelayo:
Qinisa ukugcinwa nokulawulwa, faka rhoqo izichumisi ze-single-element okanye izichumisi ze-multi-element compound, kwaye unkcenkceshele kakuhle ngoko nangoko emva kokuchumisa ukuze isichumisi singene kwinkqubo yeengcambu kwaye sifunxwe ngokupheleleyo yinkqubo yeengcambu ukuthintela ukutyheli okubangelwa kukungabikho kwezondlo.
Kwingca ebonisa iimpawu zokunqongophala, izichumisi ezisebenza ngokukhawuleza zingafakwa kumagqabi ngokweempawu zokunqongophala ukuphucula umgangatho wengca, kodwa uxinano akufuneki lube phezulu kakhulu.

Ukukhanya okunganelanga
Ngenxa yeendlela zokulawula ezingafanelekanga, ingca yengca ikhula kakhulu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba umoya ungangeni kakuhle kwaye kungene ukukhanya kwinxalenye esezantsi. Emva kokusika, ukutyheli kwengca yengingqi ngenxa yokukhanya okunganelanga kunokuthintelwa ngokuqinisa ulawulo. Iindlela zokuthintela nokulawula zezi zilandelayo:
Kama ingca rhoqo, coca izinto zokugquma ezingaphantsi kwengca, kwaye uphucule indawo ekhula kuyo.
Imozulu ifanelekile entwasahlobo nasekwindla, kwaye ingca yengca ikhula ngamandla. Ukuze kugcinwe ubude bengca, ukucheba rhoqo kwenzeka kanye ngeveki, kwaye ukuphakama kwengca kunokulungiswa ngokweentlobo ezahlukeneyo zengca. Ngokubanzi, ingca yonyaka yi-3 ukuya kwi-4 cm, i-fescue ende yi-5 ukuya kwi-6 cm, i-bentgrass yi-1 ukuya kwi-2 cm, kwaye i-ryegrass yi-3 ukuya kwi-4 cm.
Ngexesha lasehlotyeni elishushu, ingca yexesha elipholileyo ineempawu zokungalali. Ngeli xesha, ingca ikhula kancinci, inani leengca ezichetyiweyo kufuneka lincitshiswe, kwayeukurhawuzelelwa rhoqokufuneka kube kanye kwiiveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3. Ukuphakama kweengca kufuneka kunyuswe ngokuthe ngcembe ukuze kuphuculwe ukumelana kwengca kwindawo ezinobungozi.

Ubushushu obuphezulu, imbalela, kunye nemvula encinci
Ubushushu obuphezulu, imbalela, kunye nemvula encinci ziimpawu zemozulu zaseMantla eTshayina kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ingca yexesha elipholileyo ethanda isichumiso namanzi inyuse ukuphefumla kwaye ikhawulezise ukufuma kwamanzi ngenxa yobushushu obuphezulu. Ukuba amanzi awazaliswanga ngexesha, kulula ukwenza umthubi obangelwa yimbalela, nto leyo echaphazela ubuhle bengca. Iindlela zokuthintela nokulawula zezi zilandelayo:
Ukunkcenkceshela ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Emva kwemvula, amanzi angena emhlabeni. Emva kokuphefumla okuvela kumagqabi engca, ukufuma kumphezulu, kunye nokuphuma kwamanzi emhlabeni, amanzi afunekayo ekukhuleni kwengca aya kuba anele kakhulu kwimozulu eyomileyo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ingca ibe tyheli okanye ide ife. Ukunkcenkceshela ngexesha elifanelekileyo kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa imfuno yamanzi yenkqubo yeengcambu zengca. Ukunkcenkceshela yimfuneko yokukhula kwengca okuqhelekileyo. Ehlotyeni elishushu, ukunkcenkceshela kunokulungisa i-microclimate, kunciphise ubushushu, kuthintele ukutsha, kwaye kuphucule ukhuphiswano phakathi kwengca kunye nokhula.
Indlela yokuchonga ixesha lokunkcenkceshela ingca kukujonga umhlaba ngemela okanye nge-drill yomhlaba. Ukuba umhlaba osezantsi komda wokusasazeka kweengcambu we-10 ukuya kwi-15 cm womile, kufuneka unkcenkceshelwe. Ukunkcenkceshela nge-sprayer kuyafana ngakumbi. Ekubeni iingcambu zengca zisasazeke kakhulu kumaleko womhlaba ongaphezulu kwe-15 cm ubunzulu, kuyacetyiswa ukuba umanzise umaleko womhlaba ukuya kwi-10 ukuya kwi-15 cm emva kokunkcenkceshela ngakunye.

Amanzi aqandisiweyo afanele agalelwe ngaphambi kokuba kufike ubusika, kwaye amanzi aluhlaza afanele agalelwe ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo ukuze ingca ibe luhlaza kwangethuba.
Ukukama umaleko wengca efileyo, Umaleko ogquma ingca efileyo uthintela umoya kunye nokufunxwa kwelanga kwengca yengca, uchaphazela i-photosynthesis, kwaye ubonelela ngendawo yokuzala kunye nokugcwala kwe-spores kunye nezinambuzane zebhaktheriya ezibangela izifo ebusika, okukhokelela ekuveleni kwezifo kunye nezinambuzane. Ukukama kungenziwa kanye ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nasekupheleni kwekwindla. Ukusebenzisa i-grass comber okanye i-hand rake ukususa ingca efileyo kunceda ekuhlahleni kwengca ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunye nokubuyiselwa kohlaza.

Ukusebenzisa i-urea Ukongeza emanzini, umoya kunye nelanga, ukukhula kwengca kufuna ukondliwa okwaneleyo. Ukuchumisa okufanelekileyo kunokubonelela ngezondlo ezifunekayo kwizityalo zengca. Isichumisi se-nitrogen esisebenza ngokukhawuleza sinokukhuthaza ukukhula kweziqu kunye namagqabi ezityalo zengca kwaye sonyuse uhlaza. I-Urea inomxholo ophezulu we-nitrogen kwizichumisi. Ngaphambili, i-urea yayisetyenziselwa ukusetyenziswa ngesandla ngaphambi kwexesha lemvula. Ukuziqhelanisa kubonise ukuba le ndlela ibangela umbala otyheli-luhlaza ongalinganiyo wengca kwaye kulula ukosulelwa zizifo. Kulo nyaka, i-urea inyibilikiswa ngamanzi afudumeleyo avela emthonjeni kuqala, ize itshizwe ngelori yamanzi, nto leyo enefuthe elingcono.
Ukongeza kwisichumiso se-nitrogen, kufuneka kusetyenziswe isichumiso se-phosphorus kunye ne-potassium ukuphucula ukumelana kwengca. Ixesha lokuchumisa liqala entwasahlobo, ehlotyeni nasekwindla. Isichumiso se-nitrogen sisetyenziswa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo nasekwindla ekupheleni, kwaye isichumiso se-phosphorus sisetyenziswa ehlotyeni.

Umoya ovuthuzayo kwingca
Iingca ezikhule iminyaka emininzi zixinene ngenxa yokuqengqeleka, ukunkcenkceshela, nokunyathelwa. Kwangaxeshanye, ngenxa yokuqokelelwa kweengca ezifileyo, ingca yengca ayinayo ioksijini, amandla ayo ayancipha, kwaye ingca ijika ibe tyheli. Umoya luhlobo lomoya wengca.
Umoya ovuthuzayo emhlabeni unokunyusa ukungena komhlaba, kube lula ukungena kwamanzi kunye nesichumisi, kunciphise ukuxinana komhlaba, kukhuthaze ukukhula kweengcambu zengca, kwaye kulawule ukubonakala kwengca efileyo. Umoya ovuthuzayo akufuneki wenziwe xa umhlaba womile kakhulu okanye umanzi kakhulu. Umoya ovuthuzayo kwimozulu eshushu neyomileyo unokubangela ukoma kweengcambu. Elona xesha lilungileyo lomoya ovuthuzayo kuxa ingca ikhula ngamandla, inokumelana okunamandla, kwaye ikwimeko entle yokusingqongileyo. Ukunkcenkceshela kufuneka kwenziwe emvaumoya ovuthuzayo kwingca, kwaye kufuneka kufakwe nesichumiso.