Ukukhula kweshishini lengca luphawu lwempucuko yoluntu kunye nenkqubela phambili kwezentlalo. Ishishini lengca lelizwe lam ngoku lingene kwixesha elitsha lophuhliso olukhulu. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ingca yexesha elipholileyo enexabiso eliphezulu lokuhombisa ikhule ngokukhawuleza.
Ingca ye-turfgrass yexesha elipholileyo, evela eMntla Yurophu nase-Asia, inobushushu obufanelekileyo bokukhula obuyi-15 ukuya kuma-25°C. Iyakwazi ukumelana nokubanda kakhulu kwaye ikwazi ukumelana nobushushu obuphantsi. Yahlulwe ngokwe-Bentgrass, Festuca, kunye neBlackgrass yosapho lwe-Festuinae. I-Wheatgrass kunye ne-Poa spp.
Ngenxa yotshintsho kwiimeko zokulima, umgangatho wengca yexesha elipholileyo uye wehla waya kumanqanaba ahlukeneyo. Zimbini izizathu: okokuqala, ukukhetha uhlobo alufanelekanga kwiimeko zokusingqongileyo; okwesibini, ukugcinwa nokulawulwa kwengca akusebenzi. Abantu badla ngokuthi “iinxalenye ezintathu zokutyala, iinxalenye ezisixhenxe zokulawulwa”, nto leyo ebonisa ukuba ukugcinwa nokulawulwa kubaluleke kakhulu ekwakheni ingca.
Ingca ekwixesha lokupholisa iyayithanda imozulu epholileyo nefumileyo. Imozulu ishushu ehlotyeni, kwaye ukukhula kwengca ekwixesha lokupholisa kuyabuthathaka, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe sesichengeni kakhulu sezifo ezahlukeneyo zebhaktiriya kunye nefungus. Ukuba indlela yokulawula ayilunganga, xa isifo sifunyenwe, asiyi kuchaphazela kuphela impembelelo yokubukela ingca, kodwa kwiimeko ezinzima, siya kukhokelela ekufeni kweendawo ezinkulu zengca ekwixesha lokupholisa, nto leyo ebangela ilahleko enkulu kwezoqoqosho.Ingca eluhlazakummandla osemantla ngoku ushwankathela iindlela ezingalunganga zokuphatha ihlobo. Ungabhekisa kweli nqaku ukuthintela iingxaki zengca yexesha elipholileyo ehlotyeni.
1. Ugxininiso olucala-nye ekunqumleni okuphantsi
Kugxininiswa kwicala elinye kwindima yokucheba kancinci ekukhuthazeni umoya ophumayo ebaleni kunye nokuhanjiswa kokukhanya, ngelixa kunganakwa iimpawu zokukhula kwengca ngexesha lonyaka opholileyo.
Ukuze kwandiswe umoya nokuhanjiswa kokukhanya kwengca ehlotyeni kwaye ilungelelaniswe nendawo eshushu, ingca icheba kancinci kakhulu, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ingca ikhawuleze ibe buthathaka kwaye ikhule kancinci, kwaye ukuziqhelanisa kwayo nendawo engqongileyo kuncipha kakhulu, nto leyo edala iimeko ezifanelekileyo zokuvela kwezifo ezahlukeneyo. . Indlela echanekileyo kukunyusa ubude bokucheba ingca nge-1 ukuya kwi-2 centimeters ehlotyeni ukuphucula amandla engca okumelana neendawo ezingathandekiyo. Sika rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezili-15, kungabi ngaphezu kwe-1/3 yobude bonke ngalo lonke ixesha.
2. Yandisa ukusetyenziswa kwesichumiso esisebenza ngokukhawuleza ngendlela ejonge icala elinye
Ukukhula kwengca kuyaphela ehlotyeni. Ngokwesiqhelo, ukuze kugcinwe ukukhula kwengca okunamandla, kufakwa izichumiso ezisebenza ngokukhawuleza kwingca, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ingca ikhule kakhulu kwaye inciphise ukumelana nayo.
Indlela echanekileyo kukufaka isixa esifanelekileyo sesichumisi esidityanisiweyo okanye isichumisi sendalo esikhutshwa kancinci engceni ekupheleni kwentwasahlobo okanye ekwindla. Ayiqinisekisi nje kuphela imfuno yesichumisi yengca, yenza ingca ikhule ibe namandla kwaye iphucula ukumelana nezifo, kodwa ayibangeli ukuba ingca ikhule kakhulu.
3. Ukungayinaki indlela kunye nendlela yokunkcenkceshela
Amanzi yeyona nto ibalulekileyo ekumiseleni ukuba ingca yesizini epholileyo ikhula kakuhle kangakanani. Ihlobo lishushu kwaye lomile. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba ingca yesizini epholileyo ifuna amanzi, abaphathi bafafaza amanzi engceni yonke imihla. Abanye bade balungiselele ixesha lokufafaza amanzi emini eshushu. Ngenxa yoko, umhlaba onzulu womile ixesha elide, ngelixa umhlaba ongaphezulu umanzi ixesha elide, okwenza inkqubo yeengcambu zengca ibe nzulu kwaye ingabi nzulu, kwaye ukulungelelana nokumelana kuyancitshiswa. Ngenxa yokufuma okuphezulu komhlaba ongaphezulu, izifo ezifana namabala amdaka kunye ne-blight ziyaqhubeka zenzeka ngexesha lobushushu obuphezulu. Kwangaxeshanye, le ndlela yokunkcenkceshela ikwanyusa kakhulu ukufuma kwamanzi, okubangela inkunkuma enkulu yezixhobo zamanzi.
Indlela echanekileyo kukudibanisa iimeko zokufuma komhlaba kunye nokunkcenkceshela kube kanye emva kweentsuku ezi-3 ngexesha lembalela, i-10 ukuya kwi-20 cm rhoqo, kusasa nangokuhlwa ukunciphisa umphunga nokonga amanzi.
4. Ugxininiso oluvela kwicala elinye kumanyathelo olawulo afana imingxunya yokubhoboza, ukukama ingca, kunye nokususa umaleko wengca
La manyathelo olawulo mathathu angentla adlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwandiseni ukuphefumla kwengca kunye nokuphucula ukukhula kwengca. Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yokukhula okubuthathaka kwengca ehlotyeni, akufuneki ukuba yenziwe. Kufuneka yenziwe entwasahlobo nasekwindla xa ingca yexesha elipholileyo ikhula ngamandla.
5. Ukungayinaki indlela ukhula oluxhaphakileyo ngayo
Ukususwa kokhula yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yolawulo lwengca yasehlotyeni. Ukhula lubhekisela kuzo zonke iintlobo zengca ngaphandle kwengca etyalwe ngabom. Xa abantu abaninzi besusa ukhula kwiingca zexesha elipholileyo, bakholelwa ngokwemvelo ukuba ingca zexesha elifudumeleyo ezifana nengca ye-buffalo nazo ziintlobo zengca ye-turf, kwaye bazishiya ngasemva.
Ngenxa yokuba ingca yexesha elifudumeleyo efana ne-buffalo grass ine-stolons ephuhlileyo kwaye ikhula ibe yingca ngokukhawuleza kunengca yexesha elibandayo, ingca entsha eyakhiweyo yexesha elipholileyo ijika ibe yingca yexesha elifudumeleyo efana ne-buffalo grass kwiminyaka emibini okanye emithathu. Injongo yokuqala yokutyala ayizange ifezekiswe.
6. Ukungahoyi ukuthintela izifo
Ngenxa yamaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nemozulu emanzi ehlotyeni, ingca isengozini yezifo ezahlukeneyo. Ekulawuleni, izifo zihlala zifunyaniswa zize zilawulwe, nto leyo engachaphazeli nje kuphela impembelelo yokubukela ingca, kodwa ikwabangela nelahleko kwezoqoqosho.
Kufuneka kuthathwe amanyathelo okulungisa achanekileyo ukuze kuphuculwe ukumelana kwengca, kwaye amayeza okubola afana ne-chlorothalonil kufuneka atshizwe kwingca ngalo lonke ixesha xa inqunyulwa ukuze kuthintelwe isifo kwihlumela kwaye kuvunyelwe ingca ukuba ikhule ngendlela eqhelekileyo.
Ixesha leposi: Juni-24-2024