Ulwahlulo lwengca yeTurf

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-turfgrass ezineempawu ezahlukeneyo. Ukwahlulahlula ii-turfgrass ezininzi ngokwemigangatho ethile kubizwa ngokuba yi-turfgrass classification.

Uhlulo olusekelwe kwiimeko zemozulu kunye nokusasazeka kwengca ye-turf ngokwengingqi. Ingca ye-turf ingahlulwahlulwa ibe yi-turfgrass yexesha elifudumeleyo kunye ne-turfgrass yexesha elipholileyo ngokweemeko zemozulu ezifanelekileyo zokukhula kwengca ye-turf kunye noluhlu lokusasazeka kwengingqi.

1. Ingca yengca yexesha elifudumeleyo: Ikwabizwa ngokuba yingca yasehlotyeni, ikakhulu yeyabanye bezityalo zentsapho encinci yeGramineae kunye neThrush. Ubushushu obufanelekileyo bokukhula bungama-25-30 degrees, kwaye isasazeke kakhulu kwiYangtze River Basin nakwiindawo ezisezantsi ezisezantsi emazantsi. Uphawu lwayo oluphambili kukuba ayilali ebusika, iqala ukuba luhlaza ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, kwaye ikhula ngamandla emva kokuphinda iphile. Ekupheleni kwekwindla, xa kuthe kwenzeka umonakalo kwiqabaka, iingcambu zayo kunye namagqabi ziya kubuna kwaye zibe luhlaza. Phakathi kwezityalo zengca zexesha elifudumeleyo, uninzi lwazo luqhele ukulinywa kumazantsi eTshayina, kwaye zimbalwa iintlobo ezinokukhula kakuhle kwiindawo ezisemantla.

2. Ingca ye-turf yexesha elipholileyo: Ikwabizwa ngokuba yingca yasebusika, ikakhulu iphantsi kosapho lwePoa. Isasazwa kakhulu kumantla elizwe lam emantla oMlambo iYangtze, njengaseMantla eTshayina, eMntla-mpuma weTshayina nakumntla-ntshona weTshayina. Iimpawu zayo eziphambili kukumelana nokubanda okukhulu, ukunganyamezelani nobushushu ehlotyeni, kunye nokukhula ngamandla entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Ifanelekile ukulima emantla elizwe lam. Ezinye zezi ntlobo zinokutyalwa nakwiindawo eziphakathi nakumzantsi-ntshona welizwe lam ngenxa yokuba ziyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa kakuhle.

Ukwahlula ngokweentsapho ezahlukeneyo kunye nezizukulwana. Ngaphambili, ulwakhiwo oluphambili lwezityalo zotshani yayizingca. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iye yaphuhliswa yaba yiCyperaceae, Fabaceae, Convolvulaceae, njl.

1. Ingca yeGramineae ivelisa ngaphezu kwe-90% yezityalo ezikhula kwindawo enengca. Uhlalutyo lwezityalo lwahlulwe lwaba yi-fescue subfamily, i-millet subfamily kunye ne-thrush subfamily.

(1) I-Bentgrass: Iintlobo zengca ezimeleyo ziquka i-thin bentgrass, i-downy bentgrass, i-creeping bentgrass kunye ne-small chaff grass. Olu hlobo lwengca lunee-stolons okanye ii-rhizomes, lusasazeka ngokukhawuleza, lusebenza kakuhle ekwakheni ingca, kwaye alunyathelwa. , ingca ilungile kwaye ixinene, amagqabi makhulu, kwaye ilungele umhlaba one-asidi encinci nomanzi. Ingakha ingca esemgangathweni ophezulu, njengeenkundla zegalufa, amabala e-hockey kunye namanye amabala emidlalo kunye nengca entle yokuhombisa.

(2) Uhlobo lweFestuca: Iintlobo ezimeleyo ziquka i-fescue enamagqabi aqinileyo amfusa, i-fescue emfusa ekhula ngokukrakra, i-fescue, i-fescue enamagqabi acwebezelayo kunye ne-fescue ende. Uphawu oluqhelekileyo kukuba ziyamelana kakhulu noxinzelelo, kwaye ziyamelana kakhulu ne-asidi, i-alkali, umhlaba ongenanto, owomileyo, imozulu ebandayo, imozulu eshushu kunye nongcoliseko lomoya. I-fescue enamagqabi aqinileyo amfusa, i-fescue emfusa ekhula ngokukrakra, i-fescue, kunye ne-fescue enamagqabi acwebezelayo zonke ziintlobo ezikhula kancinci ezinamagqabi amancinci. I-fescue ende luhlobo olude nolunamagqabi abanzi. I-Festuca turfgrass isetyenziswa kakhulu njengembewu encedisayo ekuhlwayeleni okuxutyiweyo kwe-ingca yebala lemidlalokunye neengca ezahlukeneyo eziluhlaza.

(3) Uhlobo lwePoa: Iintlobo ezimeleyo yi-grassland bluegrass, i-common bluegrass, i-woodland bluegrass kunye ne-bluegrass, njl. Ine-rhizomes ephuhlileyo, inamandla amakhulu okwenza i-turf, kwaye iyamelana nokunyathelwa. Umgangatho wengca ulungile, uphantsi, kwaye uthe tyaba. I-turf inokuqina okuhle, amagqabi aluhlaza aqaqambileyo, kunye nexesha elide eliluhlaza. Inokumelana okuncinci noxinzelelo kwaye ineemfuno ezingqongqo zamanzi, izichumisi kunye nokuthungwa komhlaba. Olu hlobo lwe-turfgrass lolona hlobo luphambili lwengca olusetyenziselwa ukwakha iindawo ezahlukeneyo eziluhlaza emantla kwaye lukwaluhlobo oluphambili lwengca olusetyenziselwa ukwakha ingca yezemidlalo, ingakumbi iintlobo ezininzi ze-bluegrass.

(4) Ingca yeRyegrass: Iintlobo zengca ezimeleyo yi-ryegrass ehlala ixesha elide, ingca ye-foxtail, kunye ne-timothy grass. Imbewu ye-ryegrass ehlala ixesha elide inesantya esiphezulu sokuhluma, ukuhluma ngokukhawuleza, ukukhula okuluhlaza, kunye namagqabi aluhlaza okomnyama nakhazimlayo. Nangona kunjalo, zifuna amanzi amaninzi kunye nezichumisi kwaye zihlala ixesha elifutshane (iminyaka engama-96). Zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekuhlwayeleni ingca yezemidlalo kunye neengca ezahlukeneyo eziluhlaza. Iintlobo zengca ezikhuselweyo kule nkqubo.

(5) I-Zoysia: Iindidi zengca ezimeleyo yiZoysia, iZoysia macrospike, iZoysia sinensis, iZoysia Manila, kunye neZoysia tenuifolia. Ingca yeZoysia ineempawu ezininzi ezintle ezifana nokumelana nembalela, ukumelana nokunyathelwa, ukumelana nokungafumani zityalo, ukumelana nezifo kunye nezinambuzane, njl.njl., kwaye inomlinganiselo othile wokuqina kunye nokuthamba. Ayisiyo nje kuphela isityalo esihle sengca, kodwa ikwayisityalo esihle sokulungisa umhlaba kunye nokukhusela amathambeka.

2. Izityalo ezingezizo iigraminoid: Nasiphi na isityalo esinee-stolons eziphuhlileyo, eziphantsi nezixineneyo, ezimelana nolawulo olubanzi, ezinyathelwayo, ixesha elide eliluhlaza, kwaye kulula ukwenza ingca esezantsi zingasetyenziselwa ukubeka ingca. IiCyperaceae turfgrasses, ezifana neCarex alba, iCarex tenuifolia, iCarex heterospora, iCarex ovata, njl.njl.; i-white clover, i-red clover, i-variable crown flower, njl.njl. ze-leguminous Trifolium genus zingasetyenziswa njengezityalo ze-Flower lawn zokuhombisa, okwesibini, kukho ezinye iingca, ezifana ne-creeping water chestnut, i-step grass, i-thyme, i-creeping Potentilla, njl.njl., ezingasetyenziswa njengeebhedi zeentyatyambo zegadi, i-modeling kunye nezityalo ze-lawn zokuhombisa.

Uhlulo ngokobubanzi beencakuba zengca

1. Ingca yotshani enamagqabi abanzi: inobubanzi bamagqabi angaphezu kwe-4mm, ikhula ngamandla kwaye iyakwazi ukuguquguquka, ifanelekile kwiindawo ezinkulu zengca. Ezifana nengca ye-zoysia, ingca yekhaphethi, ingca etyalwe mandulo, ingca ye-bamboo, i-fescue ende, njl.njl.

2. Ingca yengca enamagqabi amancinci: Iziqu namagqabi zincinci kwaye ububanzi bamagqabi buyi-94mm. Ingenza ingca ethe tyaba, efanayo nexineneyo kwaye ifuna imeko entle yomhlaba. Ezifana nengca yengca ye-bentgrass, i-zoysia, i-bluegrass, i-fescue kunye nengca ye-buffalo.

Yahlulahlula ngokwenqanaba lobude besityalo! Ingca engaphantsi komhlaba: Ubude besityalo ngokubanzi bungaphantsi kwama-20cm, nto leyo enokwenza ingca esezantsi nexineneyo enezithombo eziphuhlileyo kunye neerhizomes. Ayinyamezeli ukunyathelwa, ilawulwa kakhulu, uninzi lwayo lusebenzisa ukuzala okungenasini. Ezifana nengca ye-buffalo, i-bermudagrass, ingca yekhaphethi, ingca ethe tyaba.

Ingca ende yengca: Ukuphakama kwesityalo kudla ngokuba yi-20cm. Ngokuqhelekileyo isasazeka ngokuhlwayela imbewu. Ikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye ingenza ingca ngexesha elifutshane. Ifanelekile ukutyala ingca enkulu. Ingxaki yayo kukuba kufuneka inqunyulwe rhoqo ukuze yenze ingca egudileyo. Ezifana ne-fescue ende, i-ryegrass, i-bluegrass, i-bentgrass, njl.

Ukwahlulahlula ngokwenjongo yengca yotshani

1. Ingca yokuhlobisa: isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiingca zokuhombisa. Iintlobo zengca kufuneka zibe zithe tyaba, zibe sezantsi, zibe nexesha elide eliluhlaza, kwaye zibe neziqu namagqabi axineneyo. Ngokubanzi, ingca enamagqabi amancinci ifanelekile. Okanye ezinye izityalo ezinamagqabi akhethekileyo nanomtsalane, amabala amahle, imivimbo nemibala kumagqabi okanye amagqabi, kunye nemibala emihle yeentyatyambo kunye nevumba elimnandi. Ezifana ne-white clover, i-changeable crown flower, i-thyme, i-creeping Potentilla.

2. Ingca eluhlaza eqhelekileyo: Uninzi lwengca yengca ingasetyenziswa njengengca eluhlaza eqhelekileyo. Iyakwazi ukuziqhelanisa neemeko, iyakwazi ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kwaye iyakwazi ukukhula. Inendawo ebanzi yokukhuthazwa kunye nendawo enkulu yokutyala, kwaye iye yaba yintlobo yengca ephambili kuloo ndawo. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiingca zokuzonwabisa. Ayinamilo isisigxina kunye nolawulo olubanzi, okuvumela abantu ukuba bangene kwimisebenzi yokuzonwabisa. Ezifana ne-fine-leaf zoysia, ingca yekhaphethi, kunye ne-bermudagrass kumazantsi elizwe lam, kunye ne-grassland bluegrass, i-white clover, kunye ne-buffalo grass emantla.

3. Ingca ye-turf elungisa umhlaba nekhusela umthambeka: ezinye iingca ze-turf ezine-rhizomes kunye ne-stolons eziphuhlileyo kakhulu ezinefuthe elinamandla lokumisa umhlaba kunye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo, ezifana ne-zoysia grass, i-thrift grass, i-bamboo grass, i-bromegrass, i-rhizome type Yanmaicao njl.njl.

4. Ukuhombisaingca yengca: ibhekisa kwizityalo zengca ezinemibala emihle ezisasazekileyo nezityalwe engceni ukuze zihambelane kwaye zihombise ingca. Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiingca zokuhombisa, ezifana ne-corolla, ingcambu ye-lotus, njl.